Delhi’s air pollution surges to hazardous levels post-Diwali threatening lungs, heart, brain, and overall health; here’s how to stay safe |
Diwali celebrations in New Delhi were marred this year by a severe spike in air pollution. On the festival morning, the city was engulfed in a dense grey smog, with the Air Quality Index (AQI) climbing to 278, classified as “poor” and nearing extremely hazardous levels. Experts caution that this is far more than a seasonal nuisance; it represents a significant public health crisis. Prolonged exposure to such polluted air can affect multiple organs, including the lungs, heart, and blood vessels, and may weaken the immune system. The smog’s impact goes beyond temporary breathlessness or coughing, posing long-term risks that require urgent attention and preventive measures to protect residents’ health.
Hidden dangers of air pollution: how Delhi’s smog affects the body
Medical professionals emphasise that prolonged exposure to Delhi’s polluted atmosphere affects multiple organs in the body. Recurrent inhalation of toxic air pollutants can damage the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and even compromise the immune system. Air pollution is more than just causing coughs or breathlessness. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides, and other chemical compounds trigger low-grade inflammation throughout the body. Over time, this systemic inflammation increases the risk of serious diseases such as heart attacks, strokes, and cancer.The health hazards of polluted air extend far beyond respiratory discomfort. Research shows that air toxins can damage lung cells, reducing lung capacity and leading to chronic conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and lung cancer. Inhaled particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, affecting the cardiovascular system and elevating the risk of blood clots and heart disease.Pollution also affects the brain. Fine particles entering the bloodstream can disrupt neurotransmitters and trigger oxidative stress, contributing to mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and memory issues. Studies suggest that children and older adults are particularly vulnerable, with long-term exposure potentially linked to higher rates of self-harm and cognitive impairments.
How pollution harms your body and organs over time
Exposure to pollutants sparks a complex biological response in the body. Toxins inflame blood vessels, damage lung tissue, and even compromise immunity. Short-term exposure may cause immediate respiratory distress, while prolonged exposure can lead to chronic cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. The same particles that choke the lungs can circulate through the bloodstream, quietly impacting the heart, brain, and other vital organs.
Protecting yourself from pollution
Given the severity of Delhi’s air pollution, it is crucial to take proactive steps to limit exposure and protect your health. Experts recommend a multi-faceted approach focusing on environmental control, personal protection, and boosting your body’s natural defences.
- Monitor air quality: Check the AQI regularly and plan your outdoor activities accordingly. Avoid strenuous exercise outdoors during peak pollution periods.
- Limit time outdoors: Stay indoors during high-pollution hours, often in the morning and evening when traffic congestion and smoke from celebrations peak.
- Filter indoor air: Invest in HEPA filters for your home’s HVAC system or standalone air purifiers to reduce indoor particulate matter.
- Wear protective masks: If you need to be outdoors, wearing N95 or N99 masks can filter harmful PM2.5 particles effectively.
- Improve ventilation on clean air days: Open windows and allow fresh air circulation when the AQI drops to safe levels, helping to maintain a healthier indoor environment.
Delhi’s Diwali smog is a stark reminder that air pollution is a year-round health crisis, not just a seasonal nuisance. With its wide-ranging impact on the lungs, heart, brain, and immune system, the need for awareness and proactive protection has never been greater. By monitoring air quality, limiting exposure, and improving indoor environments, residents can reduce the long-term health risks of living in one of the world’s most polluted cities.Also Read | Continuous night sweats could be an early warning sign of cancer: Understanding warning signs, causes and when to seek medical advice
